Nutrigenomics: an underestimated contribution to the functional role of polyphenols

Nutrigenomics is a multidisciplinary science focusing on the diet-genes interaction and exploiting different ‘omics’ technologies to comprehensively investigate the overall effects of different nutrients or diets on health. Recent scientific evidence highlighted the role of dietary polyphenols in modulating gene expression, transcription factors, and cellular processes, thus in potentially affecting health and diseases. Nutrigenomics contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the direct beneficial effects of polyphenolic compounds in humans. This short review critically summarizes some recent findings on the nutrigenomics-related effects mediated by the major polyphenolic classes of nutritional interest.