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Wernicke encephalopathy caused by avoidance-restrictive food intake disorder in a child: a case-based review

Background: Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute and potentially fatal neuropsychiatric disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency: its etiology and clinical presentation can be heterogeneous and arduously recognized, especially in children and adolescents. Case presentation: An 8-year-old girl arrived to the emergency room with ataxic gait, nystagmus, and mental confusion after a 10-day history of repeated severe vomiting; her recent clinical history was characterized by restricted nutr...

Cardiometabolic risk assessment in a cohort of children and adolescents diagnosed with hyperinsulinemia

Background: Individuals with hyperinsulinemia may initially not meet any diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, though displaying a higher risk of cardiovascular complications combined with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Aim: The main objective of our study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of various cardiovascular risk indices in hyperinsulinemic children and adolescents; a secondary objective was to estimate the optimal cut-offs of these indices. Patients and methods: This r...

Management of Aortic Infections: Role of Open Surgery and the Value of Multidisciplinary Team Approach

Aortic graft infection is known to be a very complex and challenging pathology, whether it is a surgical graft or an endograft, and despite of all the recent surgical and medical advances, it still carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Since the first aortic endograft was inserted by Volodos and colleagues in Ukraine, the use of endografts in aortic disease has increased dramatically [1–3]. The majority of early endograft explantations were performe...

Understanding Visceral Ischaemia in Acute Type B Dissection: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Perspectives

Visceral malperfusion is an ill-defined entity; in the available literature, it is variably used to refer to mesenteric and renal malperfusion or to mesenteric malperfusion alone with or without end-organ ischaemia. This distinction is crucial to allow clarity of discussion and avoid misinterpretation or misuse of available data from the literature.

Branched and Fenestrated Endografts: Technology, Planning Process and Implantation Technique

Successful endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) requires undilated proximal (infrarenal neck) and distal landing zones (common or external iliac arteries). A range of approved endografts are available to exclude such aneurysms. Recent multicentric prospective randomized trials have demonstrated a short and midterm decrease in aneurysmrelated deaths of the endovascular technique compared to open surgery [1-4]. These results have induced an overall increase in th...

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