This paper aims to outline the main features of Plato’s thought about theatre through a progressive analysis of the relevant passages of the Republic and of the Laws – in which the attention to the present is a prerequisite to a reforming appeal of the democratic State –, with further references to the theoretical contribution of other dialogues and to issues regarding the relationship between the philosopher and his interlocutors. In the Republic, the reflection about theatre is articulated through books II, III, V, VIII and X, as a relatively discreet part of the investigation on poetry and, more generally, on the arts, with a permanent connection with theeducational plan of the kallìpolis. In the Laws, the main references to the theatre are spread through books II-IV and VII. Unlike Aristotle, Plato does not systematically deal with the phenomenology of tragic (and comic), of dramatic forms and structures and of their history. Least of all, Plato is interested in the performative aspects of theatre. Despite being aware of the historical excellence of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides in their genre, he preferably relates to Homer, whom he considers a pioneer and prominent representative of tragedy, and to Aristophanes, illustrious supporter of the didactic task of theatre and, therefore, direct competitor of the philosopher. The challenge that Plato takes on with these people is acted in terms of social utility on an ethical and political level, focused with a strong pedagogic sensitivity. Himself a former playwright, Plato dreads the seductive potential of poetry, particularly of dramatic poetry, and therefore he strives to neutralise it or, as far as possible, to convert it to the purpose of philosophy. At any rate, he never frees himself of poetry, which at least represents for him a logic and dialectic counter and so a token of recognisability of the philosophical thought.

L’articolo è inteso a tracciare i lineamenti della concezione platonica del teatro attraverso l’esame progressivo dei passi pertinenti della Repubblica e delle Leggi – opere in cui l’attenzione al presente è premessa di un’istanza riformatrice dello Stato democratico –, non senza richiami al contributo teorico degli altri dialoghi e a questioni concernenti i rapporti del filosofo con i suoi interlocutori. Nella Repubblica la riflessione sul teatro si snoda prevalentemente attraverso i libri II, III, V, VIII e X, come parte più o meno discreta della trattazione della poesia e delle arti in generale, in costante riferimento al progetto educativo della kallìpolis. Nelle Leggi le principali notazioni sul teatro sono distribuite nei libri II-IV e VII. Diversamente da Aristotele, Platone non si occupa sistematicamente della fenomenologia del tragico (e del comico), delle forme e delle strutture drammatiche e della loro storia. Tantomeno interessano a Platone gli aspetti performativi del teatro. Benché sia consapevole dell’eccellenza storica di Eschilo, Sofocle ed Euripide nel loro genere, egli si rapporta di preferenza a Omero, che considera iniziatore e massimo esponente della tragedia, e ad Aristofane, insigne sostenitore di una missione didattica del teatro e dunque diretto competitore del maestro di filosofia. La sfida che Platone ingaggia con tutti costoro si gioca in termini di utilità sociale sul piano etico e politico, focalizzato con una forte sensibilità pedagogica. Ex drammaturgo egli stesso, Platone paventa le potenzialità seduttive della poesia, in primis di quella drammatica, e pertanto si sforza di neutralizzarle oppure di convertirle per quanto possibile alla causa della filosofia. In ogni caso, egli non si sbarazza mai della poesia, che quantomeno agisce per lui come contraltare logico e dialettico e dunque pegno di riconoscibilità dello stesso pensiero filosofico.

Cuccoro, C., Platone teorico del teatro nella polis democratica, <<LEUSSEIN>>, 2015; (III): 187-212 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/94757]

Platone teorico del teatro nella polis democratica

Cuccoro, Corrado
Primo
2016

Abstract

This paper aims to outline the main features of Plato’s thought about theatre through a progressive analysis of the relevant passages of the Republic and of the Laws – in which the attention to the present is a prerequisite to a reforming appeal of the democratic State –, with further references to the theoretical contribution of other dialogues and to issues regarding the relationship between the philosopher and his interlocutors. In the Republic, the reflection about theatre is articulated through books II, III, V, VIII and X, as a relatively discreet part of the investigation on poetry and, more generally, on the arts, with a permanent connection with theeducational plan of the kallìpolis. In the Laws, the main references to the theatre are spread through books II-IV and VII. Unlike Aristotle, Plato does not systematically deal with the phenomenology of tragic (and comic), of dramatic forms and structures and of their history. Least of all, Plato is interested in the performative aspects of theatre. Despite being aware of the historical excellence of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides in their genre, he preferably relates to Homer, whom he considers a pioneer and prominent representative of tragedy, and to Aristophanes, illustrious supporter of the didactic task of theatre and, therefore, direct competitor of the philosopher. The challenge that Plato takes on with these people is acted in terms of social utility on an ethical and political level, focused with a strong pedagogic sensitivity. Himself a former playwright, Plato dreads the seductive potential of poetry, particularly of dramatic poetry, and therefore he strives to neutralise it or, as far as possible, to convert it to the purpose of philosophy. At any rate, he never frees himself of poetry, which at least represents for him a logic and dialectic counter and so a token of recognisability of the philosophical thought.
2016
Italiano
Cuccoro, C., Platone teorico del teatro nella polis democratica, <<LEUSSEIN>>, 2015; (III): 187-212 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/94757]
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