Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia are an increasing societal burden. Epidemiological studies indicate that lifestyle factors, e.g. physical, cognitive and social activities, correlate with reduced dementia risk; moreover, positive effects on cognition of physical/cognitive training have been found in cognitively unimpaired elders. Less is known about effectiveness and action mechanisms of physical/cognitive training in elders already suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a population at high risk for dementia. We assessed in 113 MCI subjects aged 65-89 years, the efficacy of combined physical-cognitive training on cognitive decline, Gray Matter (GM) volume loss and Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) in hippocampus and parahippocampal areas, and on brain-blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activity elicited by a cognitive task, measured by ADAS-Cog scale, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) and fMRI, respectively, before and after 7 months of training vs. usual life. Cognitive status significantly decreased in MCI-no training and significantly increased in MCI-training subjects; training increased parahippocampal CBF, but no effect on GM volume loss was evident; BOLD activity increase, indicative of neural efficiency decline, was found only in MCI-no training subjects. These results show that a non pharmacological, multicomponent intervention improves cognitive status and indicators of brain health in MCI subjects.
Maffei, L., Picano, E., Andreassi, M. G., Angelucci, A., Baldacci, F., Baroncelli, L., Begenisic, T., Bellinvia, P. F., Berardi, N., Biagi, L., Bonaccorsi, J., Bonanni, E., Bonuccelli, U., Borghini, A., Braschi, C., Broccardi, M., Bruno, R. M., Caleo, M., Carlesi, C., Carnicelli, L., Cartoni, G., Cecchetti, L., Cenni, M. C., Ceravolo, R., Chico, L., Cintoli, S., Cioni, G., Coscia, M., Costa, M., D’Angelo, G., D’Ascanio, P., Nes, M. D., Turco, S. D., Coscio, E. D., Galante, M. D., Lascio, N. D., Faita, F., Falorni, I., Faraguna, U., Fenu, A., Fortunato, L., Franco, R., Gargani, L., Gargiulo, R., Ghiadoni, L., Giorgi, F. S., Iannarella, R., Iofrida, C., Kusmic, C., Limongi, F., Maestri, M., Maffei, M., Maggi, S., Mainardi, M., Mammana, L., Marabotti, A., Mariotti, V., Melissari, E., Mercuri, A., Micera, S., Molinaro, S., Narducci, R., Navarra, T., Noale, M., Pagni, C., Palumbo, S., Pasquariello, R., Pellegrini, S., Pietrini, P., Pizzorusso, T., Poli, A., Pratali, L., Retico, A., Ricciardi, E., Rota, G., Sale, A., Sbrana, S., Scabia, G., Scali, M., Scelfo, D., Sicari, R., Siciliano, G., Stea, F., Taddei, S., Tognoni, G., Tonacci, A., Tosetti, M., Turchi, S., Volpi, L., Randomized trial on the effects of a combined physical/cognitive training in aged MCI subjects: the Train the Brain study, <<SCIENTIFIC REPORTS>>, 2017; (7): 39471-39485. [doi:10.1038/srep39471] [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/94528]
Randomized trial on the effects of a combined physical/cognitive training in aged MCI subjects: the Train the Brain study
Mainardi, Marco;
2017
Abstract
Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia are an increasing societal burden. Epidemiological studies indicate that lifestyle factors, e.g. physical, cognitive and social activities, correlate with reduced dementia risk; moreover, positive effects on cognition of physical/cognitive training have been found in cognitively unimpaired elders. Less is known about effectiveness and action mechanisms of physical/cognitive training in elders already suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a population at high risk for dementia. We assessed in 113 MCI subjects aged 65-89 years, the efficacy of combined physical-cognitive training on cognitive decline, Gray Matter (GM) volume loss and Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) in hippocampus and parahippocampal areas, and on brain-blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activity elicited by a cognitive task, measured by ADAS-Cog scale, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) and fMRI, respectively, before and after 7 months of training vs. usual life. Cognitive status significantly decreased in MCI-no training and significantly increased in MCI-training subjects; training increased parahippocampal CBF, but no effect on GM volume loss was evident; BOLD activity increase, indicative of neural efficiency decline, was found only in MCI-no training subjects. These results show that a non pharmacological, multicomponent intervention improves cognitive status and indicators of brain health in MCI subjects.
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