Contamination of commercialized mushrooms by wireworms and geotrupid beetles. Dried or otherwise preserved mushrooms, as well as other foodstuffs, risk being infested during the post-harvest period by stored-product arthropods. In wild mushrooms (such as the edible Boletus found in woodland) and in the food containing these mushrooms prepared in the food industry, there is also a rather high risk that some field pests - from a large range of insects and other arthropods which infest the carpophores in the forest - remain in the final product. A low level of impurities coming from pests - including the very common tiny larval exuviae of fungus gnats (Diptera Micetophiloidea) - is almost unavoidable and tolerated by the health standards fixed for this foodstuff in some countries (United States), but is not allowed by Italian law. Nevertheless, sometimes insufficient attention to problems deriving from field pests in mushrooms unfortunately causes some really macroscopic contaminants to escape the selection and cleaning process in the food industry, and these are then found in the final product ready for consumption. In the present note, some aspects of this topic are examined, with reference to the case of certain large beetles (elaterid larvae, geotrupid adults) or fragments of them, found by consumers. Original observations are reported and criteria for prevention are outlined.

I funghi essiccati o in altro modo conservati sono soggetti, come le altre derrate alimentari, al rischio di infestazioni in post-raccolta, causate da artropodi delle derrate. Nei funghi spontanei (quali tipicamente i porcini raccolti nei boschi), nonché negli alimenti di preparazione industriale contenenti tali funghi, è però relativamente elevato il rischio che rimangano nel prodotto anche infestanti ‘di campo’, rappresentati da un’ampia gamma di insetti e altri artropodi che ne invadono il corpo fruttifero in natura. Un basso livello di presenze entomatiche, tra le quali sono molto comuni le minute esuvie larvali dei Ditteri Micetofiloidei, è quasi inevitabile ed è ammesso dagli standard igienico-sanitari stabiliti per questa matrice alimentare in alcuni Paesi, come gli Stati Uniti; non è autorizzato invece dalla normativa italiana. Una insufficiente attenzione alla problematica degli infestanti di campo nei funghi tuttavia fa sì che talvolta qualche macroscopico contaminante sfugga alle operazioni di cernita e lavorazione industriale, venendo purtroppo reperito nel prodotto finito. Sono qui presi in esame alcuni aspetti della problematica, segnatamente con riferimento al caso di certi vistosi Coleotteri (larve di Elateridi e adulti di Scarabeoidei Geotrupidi) o loro grossi frammenti reperiti da consumatori, su cui si fornisce documentazione inedita e si accenna alle possibilità di prevenzione.

Nicoli Aldini, R., Coleotteri Elateridi e Geotrupidi in funghi commercializzati, <<QUALITA' E SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE>>, 2011; (10): 21-26 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/8677]

Coleotteri Elateridi e Geotrupidi in funghi commercializzati

Nicoli Aldini, Rinaldo
2011

Abstract

Contamination of commercialized mushrooms by wireworms and geotrupid beetles. Dried or otherwise preserved mushrooms, as well as other foodstuffs, risk being infested during the post-harvest period by stored-product arthropods. In wild mushrooms (such as the edible Boletus found in woodland) and in the food containing these mushrooms prepared in the food industry, there is also a rather high risk that some field pests - from a large range of insects and other arthropods which infest the carpophores in the forest - remain in the final product. A low level of impurities coming from pests - including the very common tiny larval exuviae of fungus gnats (Diptera Micetophiloidea) - is almost unavoidable and tolerated by the health standards fixed for this foodstuff in some countries (United States), but is not allowed by Italian law. Nevertheless, sometimes insufficient attention to problems deriving from field pests in mushrooms unfortunately causes some really macroscopic contaminants to escape the selection and cleaning process in the food industry, and these are then found in the final product ready for consumption. In the present note, some aspects of this topic are examined, with reference to the case of certain large beetles (elaterid larvae, geotrupid adults) or fragments of them, found by consumers. Original observations are reported and criteria for prevention are outlined.
2011
Italiano
Nicoli Aldini, R., Coleotteri Elateridi e Geotrupidi in funghi commercializzati, <<QUALITA' E SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE>>, 2011; (10): 21-26 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/8677]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10807/8677
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