The ability to explore in the right way the visual field is what an expert driver needs to guarantee a correct monitoring of the environment and to guarantee the ability to answer with efficacy to routine events and hazards. In this research the main aims are to investigate how new drivers explore visual field in different guide situation with different level of complexity in corresponding to an hazard (pedestrian crossing) and how this elements could influence the rightness of guide behavior, previously tested by D.B.Q. This D.B.Q. test was administrated to 79 new drivers (19-21 years old, male and female), than, the twenty subjects with highest and the twenty with lowest scores were selected and submitted to the experimental condition: the eyes movements (fixation length and fixation count) of the subjects were registered by an eye tracker (TOBII X120) during the vision of three video of a driving experience with growing difficulties (0=rural background, 1=urban background with few car, 2=urban background with a lot of cars) and a pedestrian crossing . By ANOVA analysis 3 (traffic complexity) X 2 (beginning and ending of pedestrian crossing) X 2 (guide accuracy) significant differences emerge between fixation length and fixation count in relation to the traffic complexity and in relation to the beginning and the ending of pedestrian crossing; by the analysis don’t came out significant differences in the eyes movements in relation to guide accuracy.
La competenza nell’esplorare adeguatamente il campo visivo è requisito essenziale per il driver esperto poiché garantisce il corretto monitoraggio dell’ambiente e la capacità di rispondere con maggiore probabilità di efficacia agli eventi routinari e soprattutto agli hazard. Nel presente contributo si intende indagare quali siano le strategie di monitoraggio del campo visivo poste in atto da newdriver in contesti di guida a differente complessità a fronte di un hazard (attraversamento pedone) e l’eventuale influenza sulle modalità di monitoraggio della maggiore o minore correttezza del comportamento di guida del driver preventivamente valutato mediante il Driver Behavior Questionnaire. Da un campione di 60 soggetti neopatentati a cui era stato somministrato il D.B.Q, sono stati selezionati 40 soggetti (N=20 primo terzile N=20 terzo), a cui sono stati sottoposti 3 video di guida di complessità crescente (1=rurale; 2=cittadino traffico lieve; 3=cittadino traffico intenso) aventi in comune un attraversamento pedone suddiviso in 2 fasi (inizio-centro). Durante la visione sono stati registrati i movimenti oculari (eye tracker, TobiiX120) rilevando sia le medie di durata sia le frequenze delle fissazioni. Dall’ANOVA 3 (complessità stradale) X 2 (fasi attraversamento) x 2 (correttezza alla guida) emergono differenze significative tra le medie di durata e di frequenza delle fissazioni in funzione del livello di complessità e in funzione delle fasi di attraversamento; non emergono invece differenze significative nei movimenti oculari tra i due campioni di soggetti in funzione della correttezza alla guida.
Ciceri, M. R., Confalonieri, F., Visual exploration and perception of risck in new drivers, <<RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA>>, 2013; 2012 (1): 63-82. [doi:10.3280/RIP2012-001004] [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/57250]
Visual exploration and perception of risck in new drivers
Ciceri, Maria Rita;
2012
Abstract
The ability to explore in the right way the visual field is what an expert driver needs to guarantee a correct monitoring of the environment and to guarantee the ability to answer with efficacy to routine events and hazards. In this research the main aims are to investigate how new drivers explore visual field in different guide situation with different level of complexity in corresponding to an hazard (pedestrian crossing) and how this elements could influence the rightness of guide behavior, previously tested by D.B.Q. This D.B.Q. test was administrated to 79 new drivers (19-21 years old, male and female), than, the twenty subjects with highest and the twenty with lowest scores were selected and submitted to the experimental condition: the eyes movements (fixation length and fixation count) of the subjects were registered by an eye tracker (TOBII X120) during the vision of three video of a driving experience with growing difficulties (0=rural background, 1=urban background with few car, 2=urban background with a lot of cars) and a pedestrian crossing . By ANOVA analysis 3 (traffic complexity) X 2 (beginning and ending of pedestrian crossing) X 2 (guide accuracy) significant differences emerge between fixation length and fixation count in relation to the traffic complexity and in relation to the beginning and the ending of pedestrian crossing; by the analysis don’t came out significant differences in the eyes movements in relation to guide accuracy.
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