Introduzione: L’esigenza di un dialogo tra fatto e norma

rtificial intelligence is reshaping the foundations of contemporary law by challenging traditional assumptions about causality, responsibility, and human decision-making. This introduction argues that AI regulation requires a continuous dialogue between technological reality (“fact”) and legal regulation (“norm”), capable of bridging disciplinary boundaries and responding to the unprecedented challenges posed by datafication and increasingly autonomous AI systems. After outlining the evolution of AI—from symbolic systems to generative and agentic models—the chapter examines the emergence of fragmented international governance and the need for integrated regulatory approaches. It then presents the methodological framework of the volume, which pairs technical and legal expertise in a structured dialogue across five areas of public interest: disinformation, digital immortality and post-mortem data, facial recognition, military applications, and healthcare. The volume concludes by reflecting on artistic creativity as a domain that continues to reveal the distinctive limits of artificial intelligence. Overall, the introduction maintains that only an interdisciplinary dialogue between fact and norm can ensure a legitimate, effective, and human-centred governance of AI.