OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of control or Pd-sensitized nonatopic women. METHODS: TNF-alpha, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-gamma release and/or expression from PBMCs incubated in presence of 5 to 10 nm Pd nanoparticles or Pd salt (potassium hexachloropalladate) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was performed. RESULTS: In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from controls, Pd salt inhibited IFN-gamma and IL-10 release, whereas Pd nanoparticles enhanced IFN-gamma release and inhibited TNF-alpha secretion. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from Pd-sensitized women showing high IFN-gamma release, Pd nanoparticles inhibited TNF-alpha release and Pd salt IL-10 release. TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma release and messenger RNA expression were correlated. Transmission electronmicroscopy demonstrated uptake of nanoparticles in the endocytic compartment and activation of autophagy. CONCLUSIONS: Palladium ions and nanoparticles exert different effects in vitro on the expression and release of cytokines.
Reale, M., Vianale, G., Lotti, L., Mariani Costantini, R., Perconti, S., Cristaudo, A., Leopold, K., Antonucci, A., Di Giampaolo, L., Iavicoli, I., Di Gioacchino, M., Boscolo, P., Effects of palladium nanoparticles on the cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of palladium-sensitized women, <<Journal of occupational and environmental medicine / American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine>>, 2011; 53 (9): 1054-1060. [doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e318228115e] [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/3392]
Effects of palladium nanoparticles on the cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of palladium-sensitized women
Iavicoli, Ivo;
2011
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of control or Pd-sensitized nonatopic women. METHODS: TNF-alpha, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-gamma release and/or expression from PBMCs incubated in presence of 5 to 10 nm Pd nanoparticles or Pd salt (potassium hexachloropalladate) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was performed. RESULTS: In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from controls, Pd salt inhibited IFN-gamma and IL-10 release, whereas Pd nanoparticles enhanced IFN-gamma release and inhibited TNF-alpha secretion. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from Pd-sensitized women showing high IFN-gamma release, Pd nanoparticles inhibited TNF-alpha release and Pd salt IL-10 release. TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma release and messenger RNA expression were correlated. Transmission electronmicroscopy demonstrated uptake of nanoparticles in the endocytic compartment and activation of autophagy. CONCLUSIONS: Palladium ions and nanoparticles exert different effects in vitro on the expression and release of cytokines.
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