Terminologie et transfert des connaissances : dimensions historiques et enjeux contemporains de la traduction et de la communication spécialisée

Terminology plays a fundamental role for the structuring, organization, and transmission of scientific, technical, and professional knowledge. By clarifying concepts, standardizing terminology, and ensuring consistency across conceptual networks, it guarantees the precision and transparency required for specialized communication. In a context characterized by accelerating information exchange, the digitization of language practices, and the emergence of machine translation technologies, the role of terminology is undergoing profound changes. This article examines terminology’s function as a vehicle for knowledge transfer from two complementary perspectives: a diachronic approach, centred on the methodological models developed since the 18th century, and an analysis of contemporary issues related to specialized translation, terminological resources, and professional training. Through the use of historical and current examples, the study highlights the continuity of the fundamental principles of specialized communication, as well as the contemporary changes that necessitate the development of new terminology skills grounded in cultural and professional contexts.