The research examines the fifty-year contribution of Swedish geologist Gerard De Geer to the cartographic study of Svalbard. The first paragraph provides a historical overview of the mapping of the archipelago from its discovery to the expeditions of Swedish explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. The second paragraph analyses De Geer’s first four trips to Svalbard (1882, 1896, 1899, 1901) in Isfjorden, Bellsund, Hinlopenstretet and Nordaustlandet, after which he created the Geological sketch map of Spitsbergen and the Map of the North Coast of Spitzbergen. The third paragraph examines De Geer’s fifth and sixth expedition to Isfjorden (1908 and 1910), with particular attention to Stockholm’s strategic ambitions for Svalbard’s coal. The Map of Central Spitzbergen with the main coal-district was produced during this period: the chart delimits the Swedish legal claims in five mining areas (Braganzavågen, Bünsow Land, Pyramiden, Erdmannflya and Adventfjorden). Finally, the fourth paragraph analyses De Geer’s contribution to the cartographic preparations for several polar expeditions carried out between the 1920s and 1930s in the light of the climate of international cooperation inaugurated by the Svalbard Treaty (1920) and following both the liquidation of the mining company Svenska Stenkolsaktiebolaget Spetsbergen and the collapse of Swedish strategic interests in the archipelago. The work is based on contemporary Swedish publications and primary sources kept in the Archives of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and in the National Archives in Oslo and Stockholm.
La ricerca esamina il contributo cinquantennale del geologo svedese Gerard De Geer allo studio cartografico delle Svalbard. Il primo paragrafo fornisce una panoramica storica sul lavoro di mappatura dell’arcipelago dalla sua scoperta sino alle spedizioni dell’esploratore svedese Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. Il secondo paragrafo analizza i primi quattro viaggi esplorativi di De Geer alle Svalbard (1882, 1896, 1899, 1901) nell’Isfjorden, nel Bellsund, nell’Hinlopenstretet e nel Nordaustlandet, da cui risultarono la Geological sketch map of Spitsbergen e la Map of the North Coast of Spitzbergen. Il terzo paragrafo esamina il quinto e il sesto viaggio di De Geer nell’Isfjorden (1908 e 1910) con particolare attenzione alle ambizioni strategiche di Stoccolma per il carbone delle Svalbard. Risale a questi anni la realizzazione della Map of Central Spitzbergen with the main coal-district, dove sono segnate le cinque aree minerarie rivendicate dagli svedesi (Braganzavågen, Bünsow Land, Pyramiden, Erdmannflya, Adventfjorden). Il quarto paragrafo analizza, infine, il contributo di De Geer ai preparativi cartografici di alcune spedizioni polari svoltesi tra gli anni Venti e Trenta alla luce del clima di cooperazione internazionale inaugurato dal Trattato delle Svalbard (1920) e seguito alla liquidazione della compagnia mineraria Svenska Stenkolsaktiebolaget Spetsbergen e al crollo degli interessi strategici svedesi nell’arcipelago. Il lavoro si basa su pubblicazioni svedesi coeve e su fonti primarie conservate presso gli archivi dell’Accademia reale svedese delle Scienze e presso gli archivi nazionali a Oslo e Stoccolma.
Alfei, P. P., Mapping Svalbard between XIX and XX centuries: Gerard De Geer and the Arctic Archipelago, 1882-1931, <<GEOSTORIE>>, 2025; 33 (3): 331-356 [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/328619]
Mapping Svalbard between XIX and XX centuries: Gerard De Geer and the Arctic Archipelago, 1882-1931
Alfei, Pier Paolo
Primo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
2025
Abstract
The research examines the fifty-year contribution of Swedish geologist Gerard De Geer to the cartographic study of Svalbard. The first paragraph provides a historical overview of the mapping of the archipelago from its discovery to the expeditions of Swedish explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. The second paragraph analyses De Geer’s first four trips to Svalbard (1882, 1896, 1899, 1901) in Isfjorden, Bellsund, Hinlopenstretet and Nordaustlandet, after which he created the Geological sketch map of Spitsbergen and the Map of the North Coast of Spitzbergen. The third paragraph examines De Geer’s fifth and sixth expedition to Isfjorden (1908 and 1910), with particular attention to Stockholm’s strategic ambitions for Svalbard’s coal. The Map of Central Spitzbergen with the main coal-district was produced during this period: the chart delimits the Swedish legal claims in five mining areas (Braganzavågen, Bünsow Land, Pyramiden, Erdmannflya and Adventfjorden). Finally, the fourth paragraph analyses De Geer’s contribution to the cartographic preparations for several polar expeditions carried out between the 1920s and 1930s in the light of the climate of international cooperation inaugurated by the Svalbard Treaty (1920) and following both the liquidation of the mining company Svenska Stenkolsaktiebolaget Spetsbergen and the collapse of Swedish strategic interests in the archipelago. The work is based on contemporary Swedish publications and primary sources kept in the Archives of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and in the National Archives in Oslo and Stockholm.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.



