Need for INSURE Administration during Two Different Non Invasive Respiratory Support in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS

Non invasive approaches to neonatal RDS are becoming increasingly popular. Nasal Syncronized Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (NSIPPV) and Bi-level Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (Bi-level NCPAP) are both used in the acute phase of RDS. INSURE (INtubation SURfactant Extubation) is a commonly used procedure to administer surfactant during non invasive respiratory assistance. The paper aims to evaluate the need for INSURE administration, the clinical course and respiratory outcomes of preterm infants with moderate RDS treated with NSIPPV or Bi-level NCPAP from birth. The main result of the study is that INSURE need was significantly higher in the NSIPPV group. Not significant differences were observed for respiratory outcomes between groups.