GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS AND THE EU IN THE NEW ERA

The Covid-19 pandemic had already changed the course of world history, opening up a number of scientific and political debates, when the war in Ukraine erupted. With the help of a broad literature, we go into depth about how much these events will influence the reshoring process that was already under way before the pandemic, and more generally the development of global supply chains (GSCs), especially in the EU. We discuss the definition, the data and the main sources of the reshoring process and how they will mix with the new situation to favour politically influenced and more regional supply chains. Finally, we debate the alternatives that policymakers face, concluding that trade wars will be fiercer and more frequent in a period of decoupling among economic blocks