Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. Methods: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. Results: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID.

Pulvirenti, F., Salinas, A. F., Milito, C., Terreri, S., Mortari, E. P., Quintarelli, C., Di Cecca, S., Lagnese, G., Punziano, A., Guercio, M., Bonanni, L., Auria, S., Villani, F., Albano, C., Locatelli, F., Spadaro, G., Carsetti, R., Quinti, I., B cell response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is boosted by the BNT162b2 vaccine in primary antibody deficiencies, <<CELLS>>, 2021; 10 (11): 1-15. [doi:10.3390/cells10112915] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/229217]

B cell response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is boosted by the BNT162b2 vaccine in primary antibody deficiencies

Locatelli, Franco
Writing – Review & Editing
;
2021

Abstract

Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. Methods: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. Results: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID.
2021
Inglese
Pulvirenti, F., Salinas, A. F., Milito, C., Terreri, S., Mortari, E. P., Quintarelli, C., Di Cecca, S., Lagnese, G., Punziano, A., Guercio, M., Bonanni, L., Auria, S., Villani, F., Albano, C., Locatelli, F., Spadaro, G., Carsetti, R., Quinti, I., B cell response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is boosted by the BNT162b2 vaccine in primary antibody deficiencies, <<CELLS>>, 2021; 10 (11): 1-15. [doi:10.3390/cells10112915] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/229217]
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10807/229217
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 38
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 37
social impact