The serum concentration of phenobarbital used as an anticonvulsant was monitored in 30 preterm babies. The therapeutic serum concentration was achieved with a loading dose of 20 mg/kg i.v., 10 min after administration. Thirty-six hours after loading, it was possible to maintain therapeutic serum levels with a daily intramuscular dose of 5 mg/kg, avoiding toxicity. A comparison of CSF and serum concentrations indicated that the drug passage to CSF is rapid and depends on a brain lesion. Serum monitoring of phenobarbital is important in preterm neonates under 30 weeks gestation and/or with severe pathological complications.
De Carolis, M. P., Muzii, U., Romagnoli, C., Zuppa, A. A., Zecca, E., Tortorolo, G. G. B., Phenobarbital for treatment of seizures in preterm infant: a new administration scheme, <<DEVELOPMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS>>, 1989; 14 (2): 84-89 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/18571]
Phenobarbital for treatment of seizures in preterm infant: a new administration scheme
De Carolis, Maria Pia;Romagnoli, Costantino;Zuppa, Antonio Alberto;Zecca, Enrico;Tortorolo, Giuseppe Gio Batta
1989
Abstract
The serum concentration of phenobarbital used as an anticonvulsant was monitored in 30 preterm babies. The therapeutic serum concentration was achieved with a loading dose of 20 mg/kg i.v., 10 min after administration. Thirty-six hours after loading, it was possible to maintain therapeutic serum levels with a daily intramuscular dose of 5 mg/kg, avoiding toxicity. A comparison of CSF and serum concentrations indicated that the drug passage to CSF is rapid and depends on a brain lesion. Serum monitoring of phenobarbital is important in preterm neonates under 30 weeks gestation and/or with severe pathological complications.
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