Thalamic amnesia mimicking transient global amnesia

Introduction: Transient global amnesia is a benign syndrome and one of the most frequent discharges from the emergency department that can hardly be distinguished from other mimicking diseases. No consensus in the evaluation of transient global amnesia has yet been found in the emergency setting. Case Report: We describe a 69-year-old woman who presented to our emergency department with an abrupt onset of anterograde amnesia, preceded by a similar amnesic episode misinterpreted as transient global amnesia. Neuroradiologic, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological evaluations supported the diagnosis of vascular thalamic amnesia. Conclusions: We report a patient who clinically fulfilled transient global amnesia's criteria and in whom nevertheless was disclosed a thalamic ischemic lesion on neuroimaging. This case report highlights the importance of performing neuroradiologic screening in the emergency department even when clinical history and physical findings are highly suggestive for transient global amnesia.