Background Iatrogenic bile duct injury is a severe complication of cholecystectomy. Purpose To describe the experience of a hepatobiliary surgery unit in the management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries in the acute stage. Methods A total of 103 patients with iatrogenic bile duct injuries occurred during cholecystectomy were treated between 1994 and 2007. This study includes 62 patients who were referred to our Unit in the acute stage of the complication. The injury was intraoperatively identified in 21 patients (conversion to open surgery in 19, cholangiography in 2; attempted repair in 20 and simple abdominal drainage in 1), with 6 re-operations for choleperitoneum; it was postoperatively identified in 41 patients (obstructive jaundice in 7 and biliary fistula/choleperitoneum in 34), with attempted repair in 27. After referral to our Unit, 7 patients with jaundice underwent hepaticojejunostomy (Hepp-Couinaud). With regard to the 55 patients with bile leak (of whom 12 reoperated on immediately due to choleperitoneum), 13 with minor injury/cystic stump leak underwent endoscopic/conservative treatment. As regards the 42 patients with major injury, 3 died from sepsis prior to repair, 15 with partial common bile duct (CBD) transection underwent endoscopy with stenting, and 24 with complete CBD transection/complex injury underwent surgical reconstruction at a mean distance of 90 days from cholecystectomy, after fully recovering from acute problems. Results Three patients (4.8%) died from sepsis before any repair. The 7 surgical reconstructions for simple jaundice and the endoscopic/conservative treatments for minor injury/partial CBD transection yielded excellent/good results. The 24 surgical reconstructions for complete CBD transection/complex injury yielded excellent/good results; in 4 cases treatment was completed with percutaneous dilatation. Conclusions This analysis demonstrates that early referral and management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries in a specialised multidisciplinary centre are of fundamental importance for patient prognosis and yield good results.
Premessa Le lesioni iatrogene della via biliare principale (VBP) costituiscono una grave complicanza della colecistectomia. Scopo dello studio Presentare l’esperienza di un centro di chirurgia epato-biliare nella gestione della fase acuta delle lesioni iatrogene della VBP. Metodi Nel periodo 1994-2007 sono stati trattati 103 pazienti per lesione iatrogena della VBP in corso di colecistectomia. Questo studio riguarda 62 pazienti trasferiti post-operatoriamente nella fase acuta della complicanza. Il riconoscimento della lesione è stato intraoperatorio in 21 pazienti (con conversione laparotomica in 19 e colangiografia in 2; tentata riparazione in 20 e semplice drenaggio sotto-epatico in 1), con 6 reinterventi per coleperitoneo. Il riconoscimento è stato post-operatorio in 41 pazienti (per ittero semplice in 7 e fistola biliare/coleperitoneo in 34), seguito da tentata riparazione in 27. Dopo il trasferimento nella nostra U.O. 7 pazienti con ittero hanno eseguito precocemente un’epatico-digiunostomia (Hepp-Couinaud). Per quanto riguarda i 55 pazienti con perdita biliare (di cui 12 rioperati subito per coleperitoneo), 13 con lesione minore/deiscenza del cistico hanno eseguito un trattamento endoscopico/ conservativo; dei 42 con lesione maggiore, 3 sono deceduti per sepsi prima di qualunque riparazione, 15 pazienti, con sezione parziale della VBP, sono stati sottoposti ad un trattamento endoscopico con stent e 24, con sezione completa/lesioni complesse della VBP, a ricostruzione chirurgica a 90 giorni in media dalla colecistectomia, dopo la risoluzione dei problemi acuti. Risultati Tre pazienti (4,8%) con storie complesse sono deceduti per sepsi prima di qualunque riparazione. Le 7 ricostruzioni chirurgicheper ittero semplice ed i trattamenti endoscopici/conservativi per lesioni minori/sezioni parziali della VBP hanno avuto risultati eccellenti/ buoni. Le 24 ricostruzioni chirurgiche per sezioni complete/lesioni complesse della VBP hanno avuto risultati eccellenti/ buoni, completando in 4 casi il trattamento con calibraggio percutaneo. Conclusioni Questa revisione critica indica che la gestione della fase acuta di una lesione biliare e il trasferimento precoce in un centro specialistico multidisciplinare sono decisivi per la prognosi di questi pazienti e assicurano i migliori risultati.
Nuzzo, G., Giuliante, F., Murazio, M., Sarno, G., Ardito, F., Vellone, M., Giovannini, I., Complicanze biliari della colecistectomia:la gestione della fase acuta delle lesioni iatrogene della via biliare principale, <<OSPEDALI D'ITALIA. CHIRURGIA>>, 2008; 14 (3-4): 126-136 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/14652]
Complicanze biliari della colecistectomia: la gestione della fase acuta delle lesioni iatrogene della via biliare principale
Nuzzo, Gennaro;Giuliante, Felice;Murazio, Marino;Sarno, Gerardo;Ardito, Francesco;Vellone, Maria;Giovannini, Ivo
2008
Abstract
Background Iatrogenic bile duct injury is a severe complication of cholecystectomy. Purpose To describe the experience of a hepatobiliary surgery unit in the management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries in the acute stage. Methods A total of 103 patients with iatrogenic bile duct injuries occurred during cholecystectomy were treated between 1994 and 2007. This study includes 62 patients who were referred to our Unit in the acute stage of the complication. The injury was intraoperatively identified in 21 patients (conversion to open surgery in 19, cholangiography in 2; attempted repair in 20 and simple abdominal drainage in 1), with 6 re-operations for choleperitoneum; it was postoperatively identified in 41 patients (obstructive jaundice in 7 and biliary fistula/choleperitoneum in 34), with attempted repair in 27. After referral to our Unit, 7 patients with jaundice underwent hepaticojejunostomy (Hepp-Couinaud). With regard to the 55 patients with bile leak (of whom 12 reoperated on immediately due to choleperitoneum), 13 with minor injury/cystic stump leak underwent endoscopic/conservative treatment. As regards the 42 patients with major injury, 3 died from sepsis prior to repair, 15 with partial common bile duct (CBD) transection underwent endoscopy with stenting, and 24 with complete CBD transection/complex injury underwent surgical reconstruction at a mean distance of 90 days from cholecystectomy, after fully recovering from acute problems. Results Three patients (4.8%) died from sepsis before any repair. The 7 surgical reconstructions for simple jaundice and the endoscopic/conservative treatments for minor injury/partial CBD transection yielded excellent/good results. The 24 surgical reconstructions for complete CBD transection/complex injury yielded excellent/good results; in 4 cases treatment was completed with percutaneous dilatation. Conclusions This analysis demonstrates that early referral and management of iatrogenic bile duct injuries in a specialised multidisciplinary centre are of fundamental importance for patient prognosis and yield good results.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.