Les dictionnaires collaboratifs du français non conventionnel

With the advent of Web 2.0, even amateur lexicographers, who have not received any professional instruction neither in lexicography nor in informatics, have the opportunity to collectively build a dictionary that brings together their metalinguistic knowledge, out of the traditional frame of publishers and institutions. This paper aims at presenting a particular type of collaborative internet dictionaries that collect slang, familiar and popular language words, for which the knowledge of amateur lexicographers is precious and may even be superior to the one of professional lexicographers. After an introduction of the main features of non-conventional French paper dictionaries, based on the work from argot scholars and lexicographers, a metalexicographic study will take into consideration eight dictionaries. The analysis will focus first on the community of practice (gerarchic structure, visibility and training of contributors, type of contributions), and subsequently on the macro- and micro structure, in order to highlight the innovation in comparison with the traditional alphabetically arranged macrostructure and the presence of innovative elements in the dictionary entries, like examples coming from multimedia material and feedbacks from the users.