Lung cancer stem cells: Tools and targets to fight lung cancer

Cancer stem cell (CSC) theory states that tumors are organized in a similar hierarchical manner as normal tissues, with a sub-population of tumorigenic stem-like cells that generate the more differentiated nontumorigenic tumor cells. CSCsare chemoresistant and seem to be responsible for tumor recurrence and formation of metastases. Therefore, the study of these cells may lead to crucial advances in the understanding of tumor biology as well as to innovative and more effective therapies. Lung cancer represents the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite improvements in medical and surgical management, patient survival rates remain stable at∼15%, calling for innovative strategies that may contribute to improve patient outcome. The discovery of lung CSCsand the possibility to characterize their biological properties may provide powerful translational tools to improve the clinical outcome of patients with lung cancer. In this report, we review what is known about lung CSCsand discuss the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic prospective of these findings. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.