For Baudelaire, lyricism is a synonym of short forms, both in poetry and in prose. In 1862, twenty Petits Poëmes en prose by Baudelaire were first published in La Presse. If the poet’s hesitations about the title of his prose works are well known, it is worthy of attention that the quoted expression insists on the short form (petit) rather than on the poetic genre (poëme en prose); Petits Poëmes en prose appears mostly in the pre-publication of these texts in the press, from 1862 to 1864. Even in 1866, Baudelaire talked about his Petits poèmes lycanthropes, as if he were not concerned by the genre (prose poetry) but wanted to lay great stress on the epigrammatic style of his work. Shortness in literature seems high-value for Baudelaire, as it can be asserted from his claim of “concentration”, that is a necessary feature of the literary genius’ masterpiece (Fusées, IV and XVII). The short form is a new idéal to be reached since Baudelaire’s preface to A. Houssaye (“mon cher ami, je vous envoie un petit ouvrage”). In this effort two different (even paradoxical) aspects are supremely combined: first of all, the poetry of the modern city (Le spleen de Paris is the second title of Baudelaire’s prose work), which imposes a rapid fruition of each single text of the collection. This also highlights Baudelaire’s anti-Romantic vein: the poet simply hates the never-ending Romantic prose, like G. Sand’s. Secondly, in some of his prose works Baudelaire reinvent French salon culture, from maxime to pointe, in the short form of the poème-boutade. Starting from some considerations we can read in Baudelaire’s journals Fusées and Mon cœur mis à nu, I want to analyse how the poetics of some Petits poèmes en prose can generate precise rhetoric patterns, which are linked to the ideological content of the work.
Per Baudelaire la liricità, sia essa da intendersi in poesia, o in prosa, è sinonimo di brevità. Nel 1862, venti componimenti di Baudelaire, dal titolo Petits Poëmes en prose sono pubblicati ne La Presse. Se sono note le esitazioni del poeta riguardo al titolo della futura raccolta, è interessante notare che l’espressione menzionata, in cui è tematizzata la brevità (petits) della forma scelta (poëme en prose), appare principalmente nei titoli delle pubblicazioni sui periodici, dal 1862 al 1864. Ancora nel 1866 Baudelaire parlava di Petits poèmes lycanthropes, tralasciando dunque l’indicazione del genere (il poema in prosa) per insistere piuttosto sulla forma succinta, sullo stile epigrammatico. La brevità è dunque un valore, paragonabile a quell’effetto di “concentration” che Baudelaire intende come necessaria qualità del genio letterario (Fusées, IV e XVII). La forma breve s’impone dunque come nuovo idéal da raggiungere fin dalla prefazione a A. Houssaye (“mon cher ami, je vous envoie un petit ouvrage”). In questo sforzo si coniugano, paradossalmente e magistralmente, due istanze: anzitutto la poesia della città moderna (cfr. Le spleen de Paris, l’altro titolo della raccolta), la quale impone la rapidità nella fruizione dei singoli componimenti. In essa è altresì visibile la vena antiromantica di Baudelaire, che aborre la prolissità della prosa di G. Sand. In secondo luogo, in alcuni poemetti Baudelaire sembra ereditare tutta quella cultura da salon, dalla maxime alla pointe, per rigenerarla nella forma breve del poème-boutade. Alla luce delle considerazioni contenute nei diari Fusées e Mon cœur mis à nu, ci proponiamo di indagare come la poetica di alcuni Petits poèmes en prose possa generare precise strutture retoriche, finalizzate alla brevità, coerenti con il loro contenuto ideologico
Vago, D., I Petits poèmes en prose di Baudelaire, ovvero l'idéal della forma breve, in Borgogni, D., Caprettini, G. P., Vaglio Marengo, C., Forma breve, aAccademia University Press, Torino, Italy 2016: 373-380 [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/86415]
I Petits poèmes en prose di Baudelaire, ovvero l'idéal della forma breve
Vago, Davide
2016
Abstract
For Baudelaire, lyricism is a synonym of short forms, both in poetry and in prose. In 1862, twenty Petits Poëmes en prose by Baudelaire were first published in La Presse. If the poet’s hesitations about the title of his prose works are well known, it is worthy of attention that the quoted expression insists on the short form (petit) rather than on the poetic genre (poëme en prose); Petits Poëmes en prose appears mostly in the pre-publication of these texts in the press, from 1862 to 1864. Even in 1866, Baudelaire talked about his Petits poèmes lycanthropes, as if he were not concerned by the genre (prose poetry) but wanted to lay great stress on the epigrammatic style of his work. Shortness in literature seems high-value for Baudelaire, as it can be asserted from his claim of “concentration”, that is a necessary feature of the literary genius’ masterpiece (Fusées, IV and XVII). The short form is a new idéal to be reached since Baudelaire’s preface to A. Houssaye (“mon cher ami, je vous envoie un petit ouvrage”). In this effort two different (even paradoxical) aspects are supremely combined: first of all, the poetry of the modern city (Le spleen de Paris is the second title of Baudelaire’s prose work), which imposes a rapid fruition of each single text of the collection. This also highlights Baudelaire’s anti-Romantic vein: the poet simply hates the never-ending Romantic prose, like G. Sand’s. Secondly, in some of his prose works Baudelaire reinvent French salon culture, from maxime to pointe, in the short form of the poème-boutade. Starting from some considerations we can read in Baudelaire’s journals Fusées and Mon cœur mis à nu, I want to analyse how the poetics of some Petits poèmes en prose can generate precise rhetoric patterns, which are linked to the ideological content of the work.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.