During the past decade, the formulation of vesicles as a tool to improve drug delivery, has created a lot of interest amongst the scientists working on drug delivery systems. Advances in pharmaceutical nanotechnology have brought revolutionary changes and helped in preparing newer formulations. Among vesicular systems, niosomes, in a similar manner to liposomes, may be unilamellar or multilamellar. The niosome bilayer is different from the liposome bilayer in that niosomes are prepared from uncharged single-chain surfactants with the incorporation of cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules, whereas liposomes are prepared from double-chained phospholipids (neutral or charged) and cholesterol. As with liposomes, the in vitro/in vivo properties of niosomes depend both on the composition of the bilayer and on the method of their production. Niosomes may be used as carriers of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. In this chapter, factors governing niosome formation, composition, preparation, characterization/evaluation, advantages, disadvantages, and more recent applications of niosomes are extensively discussed.
Fabiano, M. G., Forte, J., Hanieh, P. N., Rinaldi, F., Marianecci, C., Carafa, M., Niosomes, in Ijeoma F. Uchegbu, A. G. S. A. L. D. R. S. L. (ed.), Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Nanoscience, Springer Nature, Cham 2024: 29- 61. 10.1007/978-3-031-59478-6_3 [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/329471]
Niosomes
Forte, Jacopo;
2024
Abstract
During the past decade, the formulation of vesicles as a tool to improve drug delivery, has created a lot of interest amongst the scientists working on drug delivery systems. Advances in pharmaceutical nanotechnology have brought revolutionary changes and helped in preparing newer formulations. Among vesicular systems, niosomes, in a similar manner to liposomes, may be unilamellar or multilamellar. The niosome bilayer is different from the liposome bilayer in that niosomes are prepared from uncharged single-chain surfactants with the incorporation of cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules, whereas liposomes are prepared from double-chained phospholipids (neutral or charged) and cholesterol. As with liposomes, the in vitro/in vivo properties of niosomes depend both on the composition of the bilayer and on the method of their production. Niosomes may be used as carriers of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. In this chapter, factors governing niosome formation, composition, preparation, characterization/evaluation, advantages, disadvantages, and more recent applications of niosomes are extensively discussed.
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