L'industria dei giornali: dalla stampa al digitale

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the contemporary newspaper industry, tracing its evolution from the traditional print-based model to the current digital ecosystem. It examines the structural weaknesses of the twentieth-century business model – characterized by high fixed costs, reliance on advertising, and economies of scale – and analyzes how digitalization has disrupted production, distribution, and monetization practices. The chapter explores the global crisis of print newspapers, the emergence of hybrid editorial models, and the parallel rise of digital-native outlets, while highlighting increasing market concentration driven by large cross-media conglomerates. Particular attention is devoted to the transformation of revenue streams, the successful digital transition of «The New York Times», and the growing role of artificial intelligence in editorial workflows, content distribution, and algorithmic gatekeeping. The chapter also outlines the severe decline of the Italian newspaper market, the measures of state support, and the evolution of audience measurement systems, emphasizing the need for integrated metrics capable of capturing today’s diversified consumption patterns.