The introduction of conservation agro-ecosystems has been suggested for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and enhancing soil fertility. Continuous organic fertilization such as compost distribution and cover crops incorporation promotes SOC sequestration (+1.3÷2.5 Mg C ha-1 yr-1) and soil total nitrogen (STN) accumulation (+~1 Mg N ha-1 yr-1). However, when the organic fertilization is stopped, SOC rapidly decreases. In intensive agro-ecosystems, no till (NT) can ensure yields comparable to conventional tillage (CT) immediately after transition. The major contribution of NT to soil organic matter (SOM) and STN increase is detected in the top 5 cm of soil, although the cultivation of rye as cover crop ensures SOM accumulation down to 30 cm depth (+30% than CT). No till and minimum tillage (MT) may increase SOC and STN levels in the 0-30 cm soil layer, both as concentration and as mass, compared with CT. Most of such a SOC and STN increase is due to C- and N-rich macroaggregates. Within macroaggregates, microaggregates (mM) are of primary importance for soil organic matter stabilization since C and N pools associated to mM account for between 41 and 65% of total C and N content in the NT and MT systems.
L’introduzione di agro-ecosistemi conservativi viene indicata come strategia per aumentare il sequestro del carbonio organico nel suolo (SOC) e migliorarne la fertilità. La continua applicazione di concimi organici, come il compost e il sovescio, favorisce il sequestro di SOC (+ 1.3 ÷ 2.5 Mg C ha-1 anno-1) e l'accumulo di azoto totale del suolo (STN) (+ ~ 1 Mg N ha-1 anno-1). Tuttavia, quando le fertilizzazioni organiche vengono interrotte, il SOC diminuisce rapidamente. Negli agro-ecosistemi intensivi, il no till (NT) garantisce rese comparabili a quelle dei sistemi convenzionali (CT) immediatamente dopo la transizione. Il NT aumenta la sostanza organica (SOM) e il STN principalmente nei primi 5 cm di terreno, sebbene la cover crop di segale assicuri l'accumulo di SOM fino a 30 cm di profondità (+ 30% rispetto alla CT). Il NT e la minima lavorazione (MT) portano ad un aumento del SOC e del STN nei primi 30 cm di suolo, rispetto al CT. Gran parte di tale aumento è dovuto ai macroaggregati, all'interno dei quali, i pool di C e N associati ai microaggregati (mM) rappresentano tra il 41 e il 65% del contenuto totale di C e N nei sistemi NT e MT.
BOSELLI, ROBERTA, INTRODUCING CONSERVATION AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS TO ENHANCE SOIL QUALITY AND SUSTAIN FOOD PRODUCTION, TABAGLIO, VINCENZO, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza:Ciclo XXXII [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286577]
INTRODUCING CONSERVATION AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS TO ENHANCE SOIL QUALITY AND SUSTAIN FOOD PRODUCTION
Boselli, Roberta
2020
Abstract
The introduction of conservation agro-ecosystems has been suggested for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and enhancing soil fertility. Continuous organic fertilization such as compost distribution and cover crops incorporation promotes SOC sequestration (+1.3÷2.5 Mg C ha-1 yr-1) and soil total nitrogen (STN) accumulation (+~1 Mg N ha-1 yr-1). However, when the organic fertilization is stopped, SOC rapidly decreases. In intensive agro-ecosystems, no till (NT) can ensure yields comparable to conventional tillage (CT) immediately after transition. The major contribution of NT to soil organic matter (SOM) and STN increase is detected in the top 5 cm of soil, although the cultivation of rye as cover crop ensures SOM accumulation down to 30 cm depth (+30% than CT). No till and minimum tillage (MT) may increase SOC and STN levels in the 0-30 cm soil layer, both as concentration and as mass, compared with CT. Most of such a SOC and STN increase is due to C- and N-rich macroaggregates. Within macroaggregates, microaggregates (mM) are of primary importance for soil organic matter stabilization since C and N pools associated to mM account for between 41 and 65% of total C and N content in the NT and MT systems.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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