The main focus of this dissertation on Martha Nussbaum is the ‘anthropological discussion’, that is the question about the notions of human being and citizen which are embodied in Nussbaum’s Capabilities approach, analysed from a philosophical perspective in order to evaluate its suitability. The context of the question on the human being is the complex philosophical and bioethical debate built around the notion of person, that, over the centuries, has been subjected to a semantic disempowerment. This notion has been juxtaposed more and more significantly to the notion of human being and, as a result, it has produced serious discriminations among people, due to the different value granted to humans – on both theoretical and political grounds as well. Concerning this scenario, Nussbaum’s thought has the quality to provide an excellent reading of the controversial dimensions of the human condition, such as vulnerability, needs and dependency that characterize human existence. It is a philosophical perspective built in a dialogue with the classical philosophers, and the most recent theories of justice as well. However, the originality of the capabilities approach comes to a stop as for the structure is bridled in an anthropological functionalist paradigm. Nussbaum, indeed, introduces a criterion of political membership to the human community but, at the same time, suggests the possibility to be excluded from the list of social active subjects.
Al centro di tale lavoro di ricerca su Martha Nussbaum vi è la ‘questione antropologica’, ossia l’interrogativo circa le nozioni di uomo e di cittadino sottese all’approccio delle capacità riproposto in campo filosofico dalla pensatrice americana, al fine di vagliarne l’adeguatezza. La domanda sull’uomo tiene sullo sfondo il complesso dibattito filosofico e bioetico costruito intorno alla nozione di persona, che nel corso dei secoli ha subito un progressivo depotenziamento semantico, venendo sempre più marcatamente a contrapporsi alla nozione di essere umano e producendo così – tanto sul piano teorico, quanto in ambito politico - gravose forme di discriminazione valoriale tra esseri umani. Rispetto a questo scenario, il pensiero nussbaumiano ha il pregio di restituire una buona capacità di lettura delle dimensioni più controverse della condizione umana, quali la vulnerabilità, il bisogno e le molteplici stagioni di dipendenza che punteggiano l’esistenza. Un’impostazione costruita in dialogo tanto con gli autori classici della filosofia, quanto con le più recenti teorie della giustizia. D’altro canto, però, l’originalità dell’approccio delle capacità subisce una battuta di arresto poiché l’impianto resta imbrigliato in una logica antropologica di tipo funzionalista: Nussbaum introduce, infatti, un criterio di ‘appartenenza’ politica alla comunità umana, ma con ciò anche la possibilità di esclusioni dall’elenco dei soggetti sociali attivi.
LEO, ROSSELLA, LA SEMANTICA DELLA PERSONA E L'ETICA DELLE CAPACITA'. LINEE PER UNA RILETTURA CRITICA DEL PENSIERO DI MARTHA NUSSBAUM, PAPA, ALESSANDRA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milano:Ciclo XXXII [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/285525]
LA SEMANTICA DELLA PERSONA E L'ETICA DELLE CAPACITA'. LINEE PER UNA RILETTURA CRITICA DEL PENSIERO DI MARTHA NUSSBAUM
Leo, Rossella
2020
Abstract
The main focus of this dissertation on Martha Nussbaum is the ‘anthropological discussion’, that is the question about the notions of human being and citizen which are embodied in Nussbaum’s Capabilities approach, analysed from a philosophical perspective in order to evaluate its suitability. The context of the question on the human being is the complex philosophical and bioethical debate built around the notion of person, that, over the centuries, has been subjected to a semantic disempowerment. This notion has been juxtaposed more and more significantly to the notion of human being and, as a result, it has produced serious discriminations among people, due to the different value granted to humans – on both theoretical and political grounds as well. Concerning this scenario, Nussbaum’s thought has the quality to provide an excellent reading of the controversial dimensions of the human condition, such as vulnerability, needs and dependency that characterize human existence. It is a philosophical perspective built in a dialogue with the classical philosophers, and the most recent theories of justice as well. However, the originality of the capabilities approach comes to a stop as for the structure is bridled in an anthropological functionalist paradigm. Nussbaum, indeed, introduces a criterion of political membership to the human community but, at the same time, suggests the possibility to be excluded from the list of social active subjects.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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