Aim: To contribute knowledge about how patient engagement support can be provided to older adults, by describing the contents of interventions aimed at patient engagement for older adults, developing a patient engagement intervention, and studying its early-stage implementation. Methods: In study 1, a systematic review of the literature was performed. In study 2, a qualitative study with focus groups involving healthcare professionals and individual interviews to older adults was conducted to develop the intervention. In study 3, a qualitative study of a participatory process was accomplished to explore the early-stage implementation of the intervention in one integrated-care organization. Results: The main finding of study 1 was that the emotional dimension was less used than the educational and behavioural dimensions among the 35 patient engagement interventions for older adults. The findings from the study 1 were used, together with a theory of patient engagement, to develop a draft of an individual patient engagement intervention for older adults (PHEinAction). In the study 2, the views of healthcare professionals and older adults were used to refine and finally endorse it. The final version of PHEinAction consisted of at least two face-to-face one hour individual sessions one month apart, plus a set of personalized home-based exercises aimed to facilitate a range of emotional, behavioural, cognitive changes for patient engagement. Finally, the study 3 observed how the existing patient education practice of inpatient, outpatient and territorial settings differently challenged the implementation. A certain degree of flexibility of PHEinAction’s contents and procedures was required to address these challenges. Implications: PHEinAction shows promise as an intervention to improve patient engagement in older adults. However, more research is needed, especially focusing on long-term implementation studies and evaluation of effects with experimental studies.
Obiettivo: Accrescere la conoscenza relativa a come supportare il coinvolgimento attivo dei pazienti anziani, descrivendo i contenuti di interventi per il coinvolgimento attivo con pazienti anziani attualmente presenti sul panorama scientifico, sviluppando un nuovo intervento e studiando le prime fasi della sua implementazione. Metodo: Nel primo studio, in risposta al primo obiettivo, è stata condotta una analisi sistematica della letteratura scientifica sul tema. Il secondo studio ha visto la conduzione di focus groups con professionisti sanitari e interviste individuali a pazienti anziani per raffinare e validare qualitativamente un nuovo intervento per il coinvolgimento attivo. Nel terzo studio, si è studiata l’implementazione iniziale dell’intervento in un contesto italiano di cure integrate attraverso una ricerca partecipativa. Risultati: Il principale risultato del primo studio è stato la sbilanciata attenzione tra i 35 interventi per il coinvolgimento attivo presenti in letteratura per le componenti emotive a favore di quelle educative e comportamentali. È sulla base dei risultati del primo studio e di un modello teorico che è stata sviluppata una prima bozza di intervento. Nel secondo studio, la prospettiva di professionisti sanitari e pazienti anziani ha fornito indicazioni per modificare l’intervento e renderlo potenzialmente implementabile nella pratica clinica. L’intervento che è risultato consiste di almeno due incontri mensili individuali, più un set personalizzato di esercizi riflessivi per il paziente da compilare in autonomia a casa. Infine, il terzo studio ha osservato come le diverse pratiche educative presenti nei diversi setting – ospedaliero, ambulatoriale, territoriale - di un contesto di cura integrato hanno generato diverse, specifiche, difficoltà per l’implementazione. Un certo sforzo di flessibilità e personalizzazione dei contenuti e delle procedure dell’intervento è stato dunque richiesto. Implicazioni: L’intervento sviluppato mostra potenzialità nel supportare il coinvolgimento attivo dei pazienti anziani, ma necessita di ulteriori studi relativi all’implementabilità sul lungo termine e alla sua efficacia.
MENICHETTI DELOR, JULIA PAOLA, PATIENT ENGAGEMENT SUPPORT FOR OLDER ADULTS: DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTERVENTION IN AN INTEGRATED-CARE CONTEXT, GRAFFIGNA, GUENDALINA, STEINSBEKK, ASLAK, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milano:Ciclo XXX. [doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.12.009]. [doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01405] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286159]
PATIENT ENGAGEMENT SUPPORT FOR OLDER ADULTS: DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTERVENTION IN AN INTEGRATED-CARE CONTEXT
Menichetti Delor, Julia Paola
2018
Abstract
Aim: To contribute knowledge about how patient engagement support can be provided to older adults, by describing the contents of interventions aimed at patient engagement for older adults, developing a patient engagement intervention, and studying its early-stage implementation. Methods: In study 1, a systematic review of the literature was performed. In study 2, a qualitative study with focus groups involving healthcare professionals and individual interviews to older adults was conducted to develop the intervention. In study 3, a qualitative study of a participatory process was accomplished to explore the early-stage implementation of the intervention in one integrated-care organization. Results: The main finding of study 1 was that the emotional dimension was less used than the educational and behavioural dimensions among the 35 patient engagement interventions for older adults. The findings from the study 1 were used, together with a theory of patient engagement, to develop a draft of an individual patient engagement intervention for older adults (PHEinAction). In the study 2, the views of healthcare professionals and older adults were used to refine and finally endorse it. The final version of PHEinAction consisted of at least two face-to-face one hour individual sessions one month apart, plus a set of personalized home-based exercises aimed to facilitate a range of emotional, behavioural, cognitive changes for patient engagement. Finally, the study 3 observed how the existing patient education practice of inpatient, outpatient and territorial settings differently challenged the implementation. A certain degree of flexibility of PHEinAction’s contents and procedures was required to address these challenges. Implications: PHEinAction shows promise as an intervention to improve patient engagement in older adults. However, more research is needed, especially focusing on long-term implementation studies and evaluation of effects with experimental studies.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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01_frontespizio_tesiphd_Menichetti.pdf
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tesiphd_completa_Menichetti.pdf
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