The transition period of dairy cows is characterized by immune dysfunction and inflammatory like conditions. The thesis presented a wide review literature followed by 3 research papers. Chapter II investigated the pattern of changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) around parturition and discovered an association with periparturient health status. PIC levels showed a high variability in late pregnancy but the highest levels demonstrated a good relationship with health troubles and performance after calving. In Chapter III, immune activity of transition cows were evaluated using: an ex vivo whole blood stimulation assay (WBA) with lipopolysaccharides and a carrageenan skin test. Results revealed that immune system is very sensitive around calving in respect to both tests, with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a reduction of the skin thickness after carrageenan challenge. Thus, both tests are able to describe the complex changes of the immune system combined to conventional metabolic and immune parameters. In Chapter IV, changes of leukocyte gene expression were evaluated from 20 days before to 7 days after calving using RNA-seq technique. Comparing the differentially expressed genes with the results of Chapter II and III were disclosed fundamental functional changes in leukocytes. Overall, these researches contribute to define better the physiology of the most vulnerable phase of dairy cows.
Il periodo di transizione (TP) delle vacche da latte è caratterizzata da disfunzione del sistema immunitario e dalla comparsa di fenomeni infiammatori. La tesi ha presentato una vasta revisione della letteratura seguita da 3 articoli sperimentali. Nel capitolo II sono stati investigati i cambiamenti delle citochine pro-infiammatorie (PIC) nel TP. I livelli di PIC hanno mostrato una elevata variabilità in tarda gravidanza, ma i livelli più alti hanno mostrato un’associazione con i problemi di salute e le prestazioni dopo il parto. Nel capitolo III, l'attività immunitaria di vacche in transizione è stata valutata utilizzando un test ex vivo di stimolazione del sangue con lipopolisaccaridi (WBA) e un test cutaneo alla carragenina. I risultati hanno rivelato che il sistema immunitario è molto sensibile in prossimità del parto. Entrambi i test descrivono i cambiamenti del sistema immunitario durante il TP. Nel capitolo IV, è stata valutata l’espressione genica dei leucociti durante il TP con la tecnica dell’ RNA-Seq. Confrontando i geni differenzialmente espressi con i risultati del capitolo II e III sono stati resi noti i cambiamenti funzionali dei leucociti. Complessivamente, queste ricerche contribuiscono a definire meglio la fisiologia della fase di transizione della vacche da latte.
JAHAN, NUSRAT, IMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS AS PREDICTIVE MARKERS OF HEALTH DISORDERS, TREVISI, ERMINIO, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza:Ciclo XXVI [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286178]
IMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS AS PREDICTIVE MARKERS OF HEALTH DISORDERS
Jahan, Nusrat
2014
Abstract
The transition period of dairy cows is characterized by immune dysfunction and inflammatory like conditions. The thesis presented a wide review literature followed by 3 research papers. Chapter II investigated the pattern of changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) around parturition and discovered an association with periparturient health status. PIC levels showed a high variability in late pregnancy but the highest levels demonstrated a good relationship with health troubles and performance after calving. In Chapter III, immune activity of transition cows were evaluated using: an ex vivo whole blood stimulation assay (WBA) with lipopolysaccharides and a carrageenan skin test. Results revealed that immune system is very sensitive around calving in respect to both tests, with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a reduction of the skin thickness after carrageenan challenge. Thus, both tests are able to describe the complex changes of the immune system combined to conventional metabolic and immune parameters. In Chapter IV, changes of leukocyte gene expression were evaluated from 20 days before to 7 days after calving using RNA-seq technique. Comparing the differentially expressed genes with the results of Chapter II and III were disclosed fundamental functional changes in leukocytes. Overall, these researches contribute to define better the physiology of the most vulnerable phase of dairy cows.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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