The monitoring of pest species presence, the study of arthropod community and food chain and bioassays and molecular genotyping for pesticide resistance detection are useful to prolong insecticide efficacies and in the development of novel Integrated Pest Management strategies. This study analysed the insecticide resistance of the populations belonging to two pest species, Aphis gossypii and Tetranychus urticae, and the aphid-parasitoid species complex that can be found in a tomato field ecosystem. Target-site mutations presence, linked to resistance to different insecticides were analysed in several A. gossypii populations. R81T mutation (neonicotinoids resistance) was discovered for the first time in Italy, and alternative substitutions linked to M918L (pyrethroids resistance) were also detected. The susceptibility of T. urticae mites from Piacenza to four adulticides and one ovicide was assessed. Serious resistance problems emerged as only one adulticide showed full efficacy in bioassays and low mortality was recorded also for the ovicide treatments. The cryptic presence of a different species, T. evansi, was also excluded. Finally, the aphid species composition and the presence of cucumber mosaic virus vectors on tomato and weed plants in Piacenza, Cremona and Mantova fields was assessed and the parasitoid species preying those aphids were also determined.
Per prolungare l'efficacia degli insetticidi e per sviluppare nuove strategie di lotta integrata è necessario svolgere attività di monitoraggio di specie invasive, studiare le comunità di artropodi presenti in campo e determinare lo stato della resistenza ai pesticidi nelle popolazioni di campo. Questo studio si è focalizzato sull’analisi della resistenza agli insetticidi in popolazioni selvatiche di due artropodi dannosi, Aphis gossypii e Tetranychus urticae, e sulla comunità afidi-parassitoidi presente nei campi di pomodoro da industria. L’analisi delle mutazioni che determinano resistenza ai prodotti insetticidi in A. gossypii ha portato alla scoperta, per la prima volta in Italia, della mutazione R81T (resistenza ai neonicotinoidi) e di due forme alternative della M918L (resistenza ai piretroidi). Per T. urticae si è valutata la resistenza a vari acaricidi, quattro adulticidi e un ovicida, e solo uno di questi ha mostrato efficacia completa su tutte le popolazioni analizzate. La presenza criptica di un altro acaro, T. evansi, è stata esclusa. Infine, è stata caratterizzata la comunità di afidi e dei possibili vettori del virus CMV presenti piante di pomodoro e sulle piante infestanti nei campi di Piacenza, Cremona e Mantova, e sono state determinate le specie di parassitoidi che si sviluppano su questi afidi.
COMINELLI, FILIPPO, MONITORING OF BIODIVERSITY AND RESISTANCE IN FIELD TO SUPPORT IPM STRATEGIES, MAZZONI, EMANUELE, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza:Ciclo XXXVI [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286281]
MONITORING OF BIODIVERSITY AND RESISTANCE IN FIELD TO SUPPORT IPM STRATEGIES
Cominelli, Filippo
2024
Abstract
The monitoring of pest species presence, the study of arthropod community and food chain and bioassays and molecular genotyping for pesticide resistance detection are useful to prolong insecticide efficacies and in the development of novel Integrated Pest Management strategies. This study analysed the insecticide resistance of the populations belonging to two pest species, Aphis gossypii and Tetranychus urticae, and the aphid-parasitoid species complex that can be found in a tomato field ecosystem. Target-site mutations presence, linked to resistance to different insecticides were analysed in several A. gossypii populations. R81T mutation (neonicotinoids resistance) was discovered for the first time in Italy, and alternative substitutions linked to M918L (pyrethroids resistance) were also detected. The susceptibility of T. urticae mites from Piacenza to four adulticides and one ovicide was assessed. Serious resistance problems emerged as only one adulticide showed full efficacy in bioassays and low mortality was recorded also for the ovicide treatments. The cryptic presence of a different species, T. evansi, was also excluded. Finally, the aphid species composition and the presence of cucumber mosaic virus vectors on tomato and weed plants in Piacenza, Cremona and Mantova fields was assessed and the parasitoid species preying those aphids were also determined.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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