All over the world, one of the objectives of dairy cattle breeding is to produce high quantity and high-quality milk at low cost and at the same time ensuring animal welfare and guaranteeing a low environmental impact. Different dairy breeds are bred around the world to produce milk, each with specific characteristics. For many decades farmers selected their cows to improve different aspects: milk production and quality, functional morphology, and health performance. The different genetic selection plans led to different adaptations ability and changed the breed's requirements for milk production. Another very important factors that can influence the efficiency of dairy cow breeding, there is the presence and control of anti-nutritional substances, among which, most importantly, mycotoxins stand out. This thesis aims to investigate the effect of different genetic dairy breeds (Brown Swiss and Holstein) and anti-nutritional substances (i.e., Fusarium mycotoxins) on dairy performance, cow metabolism, feed efficiency and production quality. Our study reported that Brown Swiss had a different feeding behavior, milk quality performance, nitrogen metabolism, rumen fermentation and use of body reserve than Holstein. Results suggested that a specific Brown Swiss management and nutrition should be considered in Brown Swiss farms to achieve the best milk performance and high standard of welfare conditions. Moreover, we found that Fusarium mycotoxins had a negative impact on the dairy productive and reproductive performances. However, the use of some commercial mycotoxin deactivating products resulted able in mitigating many of these negative effects.
In tutto il mondo, uno degli obbiettivi dell’allevamento dei bovini da latte è produrre un elevata quantità di latte ad alta qualità, con un basso costo di produzione ed impatto ambientale, garantendo il benessere animale. Diverse razze da latte sono allevate nel mondo per produrre latte, ognuna con le proprie caratteristiche. Per decenni gli allevatori hanno selezionato i loro animali per migliorare diversi aspetti: produzione quanti-qualitativa, morfologia funzionale e salute. I diversi miglioramenti genetici hanno cambiato le capacità di adattamento e i fabbisogni della razza per la produzione di latte. Un altro importante fattore che influenza l’efficienza dell’allevamento è la presenza e controllo di sostanze anti-nutrizionali, tra le quali le più importanti sono le micotossine. Lo scopo della tesi è stato quello di investigare gli effetti di diverse razze da latte (Bruna e Frisona) e di sostanze anti-nutrizionali (micotossine da Fusarium) sulle performance, metabolismo, efficienza alimentare e qualità del latte. Il nostro studio ha riportato che le vacche di razza bruna hanno un diverso comportamento alimentare, qualità del latte, metabolismo azotato, fermentazioni ruminali e uso delle riserve rispetto alla frisona. I risultati suggeriscono che uno specifico management e nutrizione della razza bruna dovrebbe essere considerato per raggiungere le migliori performance produttive e di benessere. In aggiunta abbiamo riscontrato che le micotossine da Fusarium hanno un impatto negativo sulle performance produttive e riproduttive delle vacche da latte. Tuttavia, l’utilizzo di prodotti de-attivanti tali micotossine risultano essere in grado di mitigare tali effetti negativi.
CATELLANI, ALESSANDRO, Effects of genetic and anti-nutritional substances on performance, metabolism, feed efficiency and milk quality of lactating dairy cows, TREVISI, ERMINIO, GALLO, ANTONIO, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza:Ciclo XXXV. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2023.2196995]. [doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15090546] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286165]
Effects of genetic and anti-nutritional substances on performance, metabolism, feed efficiency and milk quality of lactating dairy cows
Catellani, Alessandro
2023
Abstract
All over the world, one of the objectives of dairy cattle breeding is to produce high quantity and high-quality milk at low cost and at the same time ensuring animal welfare and guaranteeing a low environmental impact. Different dairy breeds are bred around the world to produce milk, each with specific characteristics. For many decades farmers selected their cows to improve different aspects: milk production and quality, functional morphology, and health performance. The different genetic selection plans led to different adaptations ability and changed the breed's requirements for milk production. Another very important factors that can influence the efficiency of dairy cow breeding, there is the presence and control of anti-nutritional substances, among which, most importantly, mycotoxins stand out. This thesis aims to investigate the effect of different genetic dairy breeds (Brown Swiss and Holstein) and anti-nutritional substances (i.e., Fusarium mycotoxins) on dairy performance, cow metabolism, feed efficiency and production quality. Our study reported that Brown Swiss had a different feeding behavior, milk quality performance, nitrogen metabolism, rumen fermentation and use of body reserve than Holstein. Results suggested that a specific Brown Swiss management and nutrition should be considered in Brown Swiss farms to achieve the best milk performance and high standard of welfare conditions. Moreover, we found that Fusarium mycotoxins had a negative impact on the dairy productive and reproductive performances. However, the use of some commercial mycotoxin deactivating products resulted able in mitigating many of these negative effects.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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