Decision making (DM) is pivotal in everyday life. Deepening the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying DM, in particular under uncertainty and risk – which are common conditions for most daily decisions – is crucial, especially considering the complex nature of the decisional processes encompassing several cognitive and affective abilities. In the present dissertation, a focus was kept on the relationships between decisional performances and cognitive abilities, in particular cold executive functions (EFs) that appear fundamental in DM. We considered two specific targets that literature highlighted as at risk of developing decisional impairments leading to risky decisions: healthy older adults (OAs) and patients affected by Parkinson’s disease (PD). Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 present two scoping reviews aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the relationships between DM under uncertainty and risk and cold EFs in healthy adults – with a focus on OAs – and in PD patients, respectively. Chapter 3 reports a research study that investigated DM processes in a sample composed of healthy OAs, highlighting how cold EFs can support decisional processes during aging; A possible role of individual traits was investigated as well. Chapter 4 concerns a research study aimed at deepening the mechanisms implied in decisional processes in a sample composed of PD patients. Relationships concerning DM performances with cold EFs, individual traits, and dopaminergic medications were discussed, to deepen possible factors which can lead patients to suboptimal choices. Finally, practical implications derived from the presented findings were considered, and future research directions were suggested.
Le capacità decisionali (CD) sono fondamentali nella quotidianità. Approfondirne i meccanismi neurocognitivi implicati, in particolare in condizioni di incertezza e rischio - che sono condizioni comuni nelle decisioni quotidiani – è cruciale, soprattutto considerando la natura complessa dei processi decisionali che sottendono molteplici abilità cognitive e affettive. Nella presente dissertazione si sono indagate le relazioni tra le CD e le abilità cognitive, concentrandosi sulle funzioni esecutive (FE) fredde che appaiono fondamentali nei processi decisionali. Si sono considerati due specifici target che la letteratura evidenzia come a rischio di sviluppare difficoltà decisionali che possono portare a compiere scelte rischiose: gli anziani con un invecchiamento tipico e i pazienti affetti da malattia di Parkinson (MP). Il Capitolo 1 e il Capitolo 2 presentano due scoping review finalizzate a fornire una panoramica complessiva delle relazioni tra le CD in condizioni di incertezza e rischio e le FE fredde rispettivamente in campioni di adulti in norma – con un’attenzione particolare per l’età anziana – e nei pazienti affetti da MP. Il Capitolo 3 riporta uno studio che investiga i processi decisionali in un campione di anziani in norma, evidenziando come le FE fredde possono supportare le CD durante l’invecchiamento, indagando anche il possibile ruolo dei tratti individuali. Il Capitolo 4 riguarda uno studio che indaga i meccanismi implicati nei processi decisionali in un campione di pazienti affetti da MP. Vengono discusse le relazioni emerse tra le CD e le FE fredde, i tratti individuali e i farmaci dopaminergici, per approfondire i possibili fattori che portano i pazienti a compiere scelte rischiose. Infine sono discusse le implicazioni pratiche derivate dai risultati presentati, suggerendo possibili future direzioni di ricerca.
COLAUTTI, LAURA, DECISION MAKING UNDER RISKY AND UNCERTAIN CONDITIONS IN TYPICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ADULT SAMPLES, IANNELLO, PAOLA, ANTONIETTI, ALESSANDRO, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milano:Ciclo XXXVI [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/286153]
DECISION MAKING UNDER RISKY AND UNCERTAIN CONDITIONS IN TYPICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ADULT SAMPLES
Colautti, Laura
2023
Abstract
Decision making (DM) is pivotal in everyday life. Deepening the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying DM, in particular under uncertainty and risk – which are common conditions for most daily decisions – is crucial, especially considering the complex nature of the decisional processes encompassing several cognitive and affective abilities. In the present dissertation, a focus was kept on the relationships between decisional performances and cognitive abilities, in particular cold executive functions (EFs) that appear fundamental in DM. We considered two specific targets that literature highlighted as at risk of developing decisional impairments leading to risky decisions: healthy older adults (OAs) and patients affected by Parkinson’s disease (PD). Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 present two scoping reviews aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the relationships between DM under uncertainty and risk and cold EFs in healthy adults – with a focus on OAs – and in PD patients, respectively. Chapter 3 reports a research study that investigated DM processes in a sample composed of healthy OAs, highlighting how cold EFs can support decisional processes during aging; A possible role of individual traits was investigated as well. Chapter 4 concerns a research study aimed at deepening the mechanisms implied in decisional processes in a sample composed of PD patients. Relationships concerning DM performances with cold EFs, individual traits, and dopaminergic medications were discussed, to deepen possible factors which can lead patients to suboptimal choices. Finally, practical implications derived from the presented findings were considered, and future research directions were suggested.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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