This research aims at building a framework to describe Islamic aid in its main components: principles that inspire it, the financial instruments able to support charity and aid, and the actors who operate in this field. Assuming as intrinsic features of aid the historical context and political dimension, the main question the research wants to address is if we can consider Islamic aid as an alternative to the “Western” one or a complementary approach able to deal with humanitarian crises and development interventions, especially in Muslim majority contexts. The study starts with the historical evolution of charity from the beginning of Islam to the emerging role of Gulf States as crucial donors in the international framework, and their capacity to deal with current protracted crises. In the second part, it explores principles which have created the base for charity and philanthropy in the Islamic worldview and social financing instruments, especially zakat and waqf, which represent a tool for redistributing wealth and might be used today for responding to the gap in humanitarian financing. Regarding the actors involved, the analysis considers the regional dimension, looking at the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Islamic Development Bank, and two Gulf States, Qatar and the UAE, and the evolution of their aid landscapes from the historical and institutional perspective. The Syrian crisis is the framework in which regional actors and bilateral institutions of Qatar and the UAE will be compared, in order to analyse a common case where donors are operating according to specific interests and strategies. The methodology is based on data collection and quantitative and qualitative interviews conducted with key stakeholders at different levels. The comparative perspective on the same case study, the Syrian recovery, represents a useful parameter for better understanding donors and actors' behaviours in a current protracted crisis.
La ricerca ha l’obiettivo di elaborare un framework in grado di descrivere l’aiuto islamico nelle sue principali componenti: i principi che lo inspirano, gli strumenti finanziari in grado di supportare l’aiuto, e gli attori principali che operano in questo settore. La domanda a cui la ricerca vuole rispondere è se, assumendo come caratteristiche intrinseche dell’aiuto il contesto storico e l’interesse politico, possiamo pensare all’aiuto islamico come una alternativa a quello occidentale o come complementare ad esso, specialmente quando i donatori intervengono in contesti a maggioranza musulmana? Lo studio analizza, nella sua prima parte, l’evoluzione storica della carità a partire delle origini dell’Islam fino all’emergere degli Stati del Golfo come donatori cruciali nell’arena internazionale, e la loro capacità di affrontare le odierne crisi protratte. Nella seconda parte, la ricerca esplora i principi che hanno ispirato la filantropia e l’aiuto nella visione islamica e da cui derivano gli strumenti finanziari, in particolare la zakat e il waqf, che rappresentano meccanismi di distribuzione della ricchezza all’interno della società e che potrebbero rappresentare oggi risorse necessarie per colmare il gap del finanziamento nel settore umanitario. Riguardo gli attori coinvolti, l’analisi considera la dimensione regionale, osservando l’Organisation of Islamic Cooperation e l’Islamic Development Bank, e due stati del Golfo, il Qatar e gli Emirati Arabi Uniti nell’evoluzione del loro “spazio di aiuto” in una prospettiva storica e istituzionale. La crisi siriana rappresenta il caso studio scelto come scenario comune per analizzare e comparare gli attori regionali e i due donatori del Golfo, con l’obiettivo di comprendere meglio gli interessi e gli approcci che ispirano le strategie d’aiuto. La metodologia si basa sulla raccolta dati raccolti da interviste condotte con attori chiave a diversi livelli. La prospettiva di comparazione sullo stesso caso studio, la ripresa siriana, rappresenta un parametro utile per analizzare più accuratamente il comportamento degli attori e donatori in questa crisi protratta e complessa.
PERICOLI, ALTEA, ISLAMIC AID IN PRINCIPLES, ACTORS, AND FINANCING. QATAR AND THE UAE IN THE SYRIAN EARLY RECOVERY, MAESTRI, ELENA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milano:Ciclo XXXV. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2022.2150161] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/285320]
ISLAMIC AID IN PRINCIPLES, ACTORS, AND FINANCING. QATAR AND THE UAE IN THE SYRIAN EARLY RECOVERY
Pericoli, Altea
2023
Abstract
This research aims at building a framework to describe Islamic aid in its main components: principles that inspire it, the financial instruments able to support charity and aid, and the actors who operate in this field. Assuming as intrinsic features of aid the historical context and political dimension, the main question the research wants to address is if we can consider Islamic aid as an alternative to the “Western” one or a complementary approach able to deal with humanitarian crises and development interventions, especially in Muslim majority contexts. The study starts with the historical evolution of charity from the beginning of Islam to the emerging role of Gulf States as crucial donors in the international framework, and their capacity to deal with current protracted crises. In the second part, it explores principles which have created the base for charity and philanthropy in the Islamic worldview and social financing instruments, especially zakat and waqf, which represent a tool for redistributing wealth and might be used today for responding to the gap in humanitarian financing. Regarding the actors involved, the analysis considers the regional dimension, looking at the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Islamic Development Bank, and two Gulf States, Qatar and the UAE, and the evolution of their aid landscapes from the historical and institutional perspective. The Syrian crisis is the framework in which regional actors and bilateral institutions of Qatar and the UAE will be compared, in order to analyse a common case where donors are operating according to specific interests and strategies. The methodology is based on data collection and quantitative and qualitative interviews conducted with key stakeholders at different levels. The comparative perspective on the same case study, the Syrian recovery, represents a useful parameter for better understanding donors and actors' behaviours in a current protracted crisis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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