Bioplastics were introduced to deal with plastic pollution and they have been considered a suitable alternative for their biodegradability and/or bio-origin. The EN13432 certification allows their disposal in the biological treatments for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, the standard test conditions largely differ from those applied during the process in industrial plants, rising some environmental issues. The effects on the microbial communities involved in the biological process has yet to be fully understood, as well as the impacts of bioplastics residues on soil organisms, and ultimately on human health. Polylactic acid (PLA) and starch-based bioplastics (SBB) were tested at laboratory- and pilot-scale reproducing the industrial time and temperatures conditions. The study considered different aspect of the degradation process and the possible impacts of bioplastics on bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities involved. Moreover, the quality of the final compost was assessed through ecotoxicological tests on seeds and soil fauna. Furthermore, the fate of bioplastics in aquatic environment was also studied, reproducing the marine conditions at laboratory-scale, and using model organisms to assess the impact of these materials on microbiome and to predict the effects on human health.
Le bioplastiche sono state introdotte per fronteggiare l'inquinamento da plastica e sono considerate un'alternativa adatta per la loro biodegradabilità e/o bio-origine. La certificazione EN13432 permette il loro smaltimento nei trattamenti biologici per la frazione organica dei rifiuti solidi urbani (FORSU). Tuttavia, le condizioni degli standard differiscono ampiamente da quelle applicate durante il processo negli impianti industriali, sollevando alcuni problemi ambientali. Gli effetti sulle comunità microbiche coinvolte nel processo biologico devono ancora essere pienamente compresi, così come gli impatti dei residui di bioplastiche sugli organismi del suolo e, infine, sulla salute umana. L'acido polilattico (PLA) e le bioplastiche a base di amido (SBB) sono stati testati in laboratorio e in impianto pilota riproducendo le condizioni industriali di tempo e temperatura. Lo studio ha considerato diversi aspetti del processo di degradazione e i possibili impatti delle bioplastiche sulle comunità batteriche, arcaiche e fungine coinvolte. Inoltre, la qualità del compost finale è stata valutata attraverso test ecotossicologici su semi e fauna del suolo. In aggiunta è stato studiato il destino delle bioplastiche in ambiente acquatico, riproducendo le condizioni marine in scala di laboratorio e utilizzando organismi modello per valutare l’impatto di questi materiali sul microbioma e prevederne gli effetti sulla salute umana.
BANDINI, FRANCESCA, FATE AND IMPACTS OF BIOPLASTICS IN TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTS, PUGLISI, EDOARDO, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza:Ciclo XXXIV. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-021-00269-w]. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01791-y]. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126934]. [doi:10.1093/femsec/fiaa183]. [doi:10.1093/femsle/fnaa125]. [doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125079] [https://hdl.handle.net/10807/285077]
FATE AND IMPACTS OF BIOPLASTICS IN TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
Bandini, Francesca
2022
Abstract
Bioplastics were introduced to deal with plastic pollution and they have been considered a suitable alternative for their biodegradability and/or bio-origin. The EN13432 certification allows their disposal in the biological treatments for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, the standard test conditions largely differ from those applied during the process in industrial plants, rising some environmental issues. The effects on the microbial communities involved in the biological process has yet to be fully understood, as well as the impacts of bioplastics residues on soil organisms, and ultimately on human health. Polylactic acid (PLA) and starch-based bioplastics (SBB) were tested at laboratory- and pilot-scale reproducing the industrial time and temperatures conditions. The study considered different aspect of the degradation process and the possible impacts of bioplastics on bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities involved. Moreover, the quality of the final compost was assessed through ecotoxicological tests on seeds and soil fauna. Furthermore, the fate of bioplastics in aquatic environment was also studied, reproducing the marine conditions at laboratory-scale, and using model organisms to assess the impact of these materials on microbiome and to predict the effects on human health.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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