AIMS: Microvascular damage (MD) occurring soon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) may reverse or remain sustained within the first week after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We investigated the incidence, determinants, and long-term clinical relevance of MD reversal after PPCI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Serial two-dimensional echocardiograms (2DE) and a myocardial contrast study were obtained within 24 h of PPCI (T1) and at pre-discharge (T2) in 110 successfully re-perfused STEMI patients. Six months 2DE and 2-year clinical follow-up were obtained. After PPCI myocardial re-perfusion was normal at T1 only in 40 patients (36%, 'normal reflow'), recovered at T2 in 33 (30%, 'reversible MD'), and remained abnormal in 37 (34%, 'sustained MD'). At follow-up, normal reflow and reversible MD were coupled with a significant reduction in the infarct area, decrease in cardiac volumes, and a slight non-significant improvement in systolic function. Conversely, in the sustained MD group, the infarct area did not change and cardiac volumes significantly increased with a parallel worsening in systolic function. By multivariate analysis, independent predictors of reversible MD were: absence of family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), younger age, shorter time to re-perfusion, and absence of diabetes. The 2-year combined events rate was significantly lower in reversible MD (log-rank test P= 0.03) compared with sustained MD patients. CONCLUSIONS: In STEMI patients treated according to the current guidelines, MD frequently occurs soon after re-perfusion but it is reversible in ∼50% of cases and it is associated with a favourable functional and clinical outcome. Family history of CAD, aging, time to re-perfusion, and diabetes are independent predictors of MD reversibility.

Funaro, S., Galiuto, L., Boccalini, F., Cimino, S., Canali, E., Evangelio, F., Deluca, L., Paraggio, L., Mattatelli, A., Gnessi, L., Agati, L., Determinants of microvascular damage recovery after acute myocardial infarction: results from the acute myocardial infarction contrast imaging (AMICI) multi-centre study, <<EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY>>, 2011; 12 (Aprile): 306-312. [doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jer009] [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/7296]

Determinants of microvascular damage recovery after acute myocardial infarction: results from the acute myocardial infarction contrast imaging (AMICI) multi-centre study

Funaro, Stefania;Galiuto, Leonarda;Paraggio, Lazzaro;
2011

Abstract

AIMS: Microvascular damage (MD) occurring soon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) may reverse or remain sustained within the first week after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We investigated the incidence, determinants, and long-term clinical relevance of MD reversal after PPCI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Serial two-dimensional echocardiograms (2DE) and a myocardial contrast study were obtained within 24 h of PPCI (T1) and at pre-discharge (T2) in 110 successfully re-perfused STEMI patients. Six months 2DE and 2-year clinical follow-up were obtained. After PPCI myocardial re-perfusion was normal at T1 only in 40 patients (36%, 'normal reflow'), recovered at T2 in 33 (30%, 'reversible MD'), and remained abnormal in 37 (34%, 'sustained MD'). At follow-up, normal reflow and reversible MD were coupled with a significant reduction in the infarct area, decrease in cardiac volumes, and a slight non-significant improvement in systolic function. Conversely, in the sustained MD group, the infarct area did not change and cardiac volumes significantly increased with a parallel worsening in systolic function. By multivariate analysis, independent predictors of reversible MD were: absence of family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), younger age, shorter time to re-perfusion, and absence of diabetes. The 2-year combined events rate was significantly lower in reversible MD (log-rank test P= 0.03) compared with sustained MD patients. CONCLUSIONS: In STEMI patients treated according to the current guidelines, MD frequently occurs soon after re-perfusion but it is reversible in ∼50% of cases and it is associated with a favourable functional and clinical outcome. Family history of CAD, aging, time to re-perfusion, and diabetes are independent predictors of MD reversibility.
2011
Inglese
Funaro, S., Galiuto, L., Boccalini, F., Cimino, S., Canali, E., Evangelio, F., Deluca, L., Paraggio, L., Mattatelli, A., Gnessi, L., Agati, L., Determinants of microvascular damage recovery after acute myocardial infarction: results from the acute myocardial infarction contrast imaging (AMICI) multi-centre study, <<EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY>>, 2011; 12 (Aprile): 306-312. [doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jer009] [http://hdl.handle.net/10807/7296]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10807/7296
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